ANTHROPOMORPHIC METAPHORICAL MODEL “PERSON” AND ITS MANIFESTATIONS IN DENTAL AND CRANIO — MAXILLOFACIAL TERMINOLOGY

Abstract

Objectives: to make a brief overview of the theories of metaphor and modern terminologytheories (Communicative theory of terminology, Socio-cognitive theory of terminology, Framebased theory of terminology); to identify metaphorization as a highly productive lexico-semanticway of forming terminology in dental and cranio-maxillofacial scientific discourse; to demonstrateEnglish/Bulgarian terminology development based on anthropomorphic metaphorical model“Person” and its sub-models: “Conditions”, “Body parts”, “Physical abilities”, “Society”, “Qualities”.Materials and research methods. Sixty (60) monosyllabic and compound metaphorical terms inEnglish and Bulgarian academic languages have been selected and discussed applying the methodsof definition analysis, conceptual integration, cognitive analysis, component analysis, metaphoricalmodelling. Discussion and results of the study. Theories of metaphor and terminology are consideredin the context of their contribution to the development of specialized medical language. By means ofmetaphorization (analogy, similarity, likeness, comparison) new terminological structures are formedin dental and cranio-maxillofacial terminology systems. The emphasis is on anthropomorphicmetaphorical model “Person” denoting various anatomical structures, diseases, syndromes,symptoms, surgical techniques. Conclusions. The following conclusions have been made: 1. Humansphere in its numerous manifestations — physical, moral and intellectual qualities, social activity,illness, death — is an “eternal theme” in the context of language historical development. 2. Due to itshigh terminological productivity the anthropomorphic metaphorical model “Person” expands andenriches the terminological resource of dental medicine and cranio-maxillofacial surgery; increasesmedical terminological competence and facilitates communication at a specialized level. 3. Term formation is a living contemporary trend subject to management by specialists and terminologywith regard to any further standardization of the international dental and cranio-maxillofacialterminology.