Abstract
Aims: To determine the reliability and accuracy of maxillary sinus volume and nasal septum patterns in personal identification in forensics using CBCT (cone beam computed tomography).
 Study Design: Retrospective Study
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital Nagpur, from September 2019-December 2019.
 Methodology: 110 CBCT scans of bilateral maxillary sinuses and nasal septum images were retrospectively obtained from the Oral Medicine and Radiology database (68 men and 42 females). The study was divided into two groups based on age. Group
 -I consists of 58 CBCT scans taken between the ages of 20 and 40, while Group -II consists of 52 CBCT scans taken between the ages of 41 and 80. The height, breadth, and depth of the maxillary sinus were measured linearly. The nasal septum was classed as simple deviation to the right or left, sigmoid type, reverse sigmoid type, and straight based on the septa's deviations. Each person's combined maxillary sinus and nasal septum pattern was documented.
 Results: The difference in maxillary sinus volume between two age groups was significant (P<0.5). In age group I, there was a substantial change in the left deviation pattern, and there was a significant change in the reverse sigmoid pattern in males and the straight nasal septum pattern in females. With whatever nasal septum configuration, there were no volumetric alterations(P>0.5).
 Conclusion: In future, further research will be needed with a larger number of images to compare in order to arrive at a definitive identification.
Highlights
Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) (Cone-beam computed tomography) is a new, sophisticated imaging technique in dentistry
110 CBCT scans divided into Group -I consist of 58 images (30-male,28female) obtained from age ranges from 20 to 40 years and Group -II consisted of 52 images (38male,14-female) obtained from age ranges 4180 years and the mean age of participants is 40 years. (Table 1 and Graph 1), (Table 2 and Graph 2)
On comparing Nasal Septum Pattern according to age in two groups the maximum number of images obtained was having a straight nasal septum in Group I with age ranges from (20 to 40) years which was statistically significant P
Summary
CBCT (Cone-beam computed tomography) is a new, sophisticated imaging technique in dentistry. CBCT has numerous benefits for post-mortem forensic imaging and might be highly useful in forensic situations. In forensics, the unique characteristics of each human being are universally accepted It aids in the identification of individuals [2]. The pattern of the nasal septum, like that of the frontal sinus, is useful in forensics. After the second decade of life, they tend to stabilize, and radiographic images offer appropriate measures of maxillary sinuses for morphometric forensic investigation [6]. Previous research has used the frontal sinus and nasal septum pattern to identify people and the maxillary sinus to determine gender [2]. The present study was designed to determine the reliability and accuracy of maxillary sinus volume and nasal septum patterns in personal identification in forensics using cbct
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