Abstract
Survival and longevity rates in people living with HIV (HIV+) have increased with the availability and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, despite the above HIV+ adults treated with ART have a higher risk of developing dyslipidemia and high waist circumference. In addition, they have lower cardiorespiratory fitness, loss of muscle mass, reduced balance, and reduced functional capacity, which affects their quality of life. To explore the impact of balance perception, treadmill time, grip strength, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) on quality of life in Latino Hispanic people living with HIV. This study recruited twenty-five participants from a community-based center, La Perla de Gran Precio, in San Juan, Puerto Rico, with the medical diagnosis of HIV. Descriptive measures were obtained for all variables of interest, and correlation and regression analyses were used to assess the associations between functional capacity, quality of life, and anthropometric measures. Result: Men had greater left- and right-hand grip strength than women (86.9±18.8, 56.9±26.8 kg; p=0.003 and 87.6±15.1 vs. 61.4±26.6 kg; p =0.004). Two anthropometric variables showed a trend toward a moderate positive correlation with quality of life: WHtR (r= -0.38, p =0.12) and BMI (r= -0.38, p = p-0.14). Although gender differences in upper body strength are expected, handgrip strength is within the gender-specific average range of the general population. The integration of anthropometric characteristics and upper body strength when prescribing exercise must be considered since these factors influence functional capacity and quality of life among HIV+ adults.
Highlights
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a growing worldwide epidemic, with an infection prevalence near 37.9 million by 2018, of which approximately 1.7 million were newly infected [1]
It is possible that being enrolled and participating in a structured exercise program, including resistance training, could have influenced the above result. Another important observation in this study showed a tendency for anthropometric characteristics to be associated with quality of life
The current study characterized aspects of functional capacity, anthropometry, and quality of life among HIV+ Hispanics participating in a communitybased exercise program in Puerto Rico
Summary
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a growing worldwide epidemic, with an infection prevalence near 37.9 million by 2018, of which approximately 1.7 million were newly infected [1]. By 2017, Puerto Rico had the fifth-highest prevalence rate of HIV infections in the United States and its territories, with 16,809 per 100,000 people [3]. Survival rates and longevity among HIV+ adults have expanded because of the availability and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV+ adults treated with ART are at significant cardiometabolic risk [4]. Health-related quality of life [6] can be affected due to lower cardiorespiratory fitness [5], weight loss [7], balance instability [8], risk of falls during daily tasks [9], and a reduction in functional capacity. Functional capacity defines the competence of a person to perform physical activities independently, and a reduction in functional capacity has been associated with decreased quality of life, morbidity, and premature mortality among HIV+ adults [10]
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