Anthropological Study of the Ancient Egyptian Mummy Based on the Computed Tomography Method

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This work presents the results of complex paleoanthropological research using the method of computed tomography of the ancient Egyptian mummy, stored in the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Moscow, Russia) (Inv. No. I,1a 5301). According to the inventory, this is a mummy of Khor-ha, which dates from the VII-IV centuries BC. Over the mummy of Khor-kha lies a grid of blue faience beads, characteristic of the Late period of Egyptian history. For magnetic resonance scanning, Siemens Magnetom Verio magnetic field strength 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used. Further, measurements of the skeleton were made on the frames. It was found that a number of morphological features of the pelvis and skull of the individual was a woman, her age was about 25 years. The skull of the mummy is close to the average size of the horizontal circle and transverse arc. A number of measurements suggest a medium-high skull. The sagittal arc is large for women, that is, the skull is quite elongated. Form of the cranium when viewed from above pentagonic, that is, the greatest width of the skull is shifted back. The facial part of the skull is narrow and relatively high. On the scales of the frontal bone has overgrown metopic suture. Unusually strong for women’s development have the upper nuchal line (linea nuchae superior), which represent the massive structure. In vivo body length amounted to about 158 cm. relatively shortened upper extremities and especially the forearm. For this individual is characterized by a pronounced graceful skeleton of hands and feet. Muscle relief is moderately developed in general.