Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the composition of the aerial parts of Rubia cordifolia L. A chemical investigation on the EtOAc extracts from the aerial parts of Rubia cordifolia resulted in the isolation of four new anthraquinones, namely Cordifoquinone A–D (1–4), along with 16 known anthraquinones. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR and HR-ESIMS data. All isolates were assessed for their inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Compounds 1, 3 and 10 exhibited significant inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 14.05, 23.48 and 29.23 μmol·L−1, respectively. Their antibacterial activities of four bacteria, Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC 29213), Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 14028) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), were also evaluated. Our results indicated that the antibacterial activity of these compounds is inactive.
Highlights
The present study aimed to identify the composition of the aerial parts of Rubia cordifolia L
The 13 C NMR exhibited 16 carbon signals, which consisted of 14 carbons of anthraquinone nucleus, a methoxy and a methyl
Compounds 1, 3 and 10 pounds 1, 3, 10, we found that the orthoposition of methoxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups showed significant inhibitory effects against Nitric oxide (NO) production, with IC50 values of 14.05 ±
Summary
Infectious diarrhea (ID) is a kind of diarrhea caused by multiple pathogens and factors [1]. When the bacteria infect the human body, the pathogens further invade the intestinal mucosa and cause an inflammatory response that can lead to diarrhea. Inhibition of NO production is a direct indicator to verify the anti-inflammatory activity of compounds. The aerial parts of R. cordifolia used for hemorrhage syndrome and diarrhea were recorded in “Lüchanyan Materia Medica”, another classic book on medicinal plants. Previous chemical studies revealed that the plant contains anthraquinones [19,20], naphthoquinones [20], terpenoids [21], cyclic hexapeptides [22] and lignans [23], some of which have antibacterial [24], anti-inflammatory [25] and antitumor activities [26]. The research on R. cordifolia is mainly focused on the roots and rhizomes, and less on the aerial parts. In order to find natural products with antibacterial or anti-inflammatory activities from this plant, we systematically studied the aerial parts of. This study describes the isolation, structure elucidation, NO inhibitory and antibacterial assay of these anthraquinones
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