Abstract
Charcoal analyses from six occupation sites in rockshelters and two in the open air, in the Liguro -Provençal area, allow us to characterise the reaction of vegetation to the first human impact on the environment. In general, the evolution of the vegetation is similar to the charcoal biozonation proposed for the South of France: the first Neolithic populations settled in the deciduous oak forest; under human influence a new association, the " garrigue " [evergreeen scrub vegetation], developed. The consequences of human activities vary in relation to the economic status of the site. The use of some caves as sheepfolds resulted in the selective exploitation of some species for fodder; this could be the case mainly for deciduous oak (Quercus/c.) in this area.
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