Abstract
BackgroundEpidemiological studies have suggested that adiponectin is associated with the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This study first examined the effect of purified anthocyanins, a group of dietary flavonoids, on serum adiponectin in patients with prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes.MethodsA total of 160 patients with prediabetes (n = 90) or newly diagnosed diabetes (n = 70) were randomly assigned to either the anthocyanins group or the placebo group for 12 weeks of intervention.Serum adiponectin, a set of biomarkers related to glucolipid metabolism, anthropometric parameters, dietary intake and physical activity were measured before and after intervention.ResultsAnthocyanins increased serum adiponectin compared with placebo (net change 0.46 µg/mL, 95% CI [0.03, 0.90], p = 0.038) in the subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes. No significant difference in the change in adiponectin was observed between the two groups either in the overall subjects (0.02 µg/mL [− 0.32, 0.36], p = 0.906) or in prediabetes (− 0.35 µg/mL [− 0.85, 0.16], p = 0.174). Anthocyanins also decreased fasting glucose (− 0.5 mmol/L [− 1, − 0.04], p = 0.035) in the subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes, but no such change was observed in those with prediabetes.ConclusionsAnthocyanins supplementation for 12 weeks improved serum adiponectin and fasting glucose in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, but not in patients with prediabetes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02689765. Registered on 6 February 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02689765.
Highlights
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in conjunction with its cardiovascular complications is becoming the most serious health challenge worldwide
According to the diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) [12], prediabetes is an intermediate state in which subjects meet one of the following criteria: impaired fasting glucose (IFG, 5.6–6.9 mmol/L), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, 2-h glucose 7.8–11.0 mmol/L), or a glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of 5.7–6.4%
To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of supplementation with purified anthocyanins on serum adiponectin in patients with prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes
Summary
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in conjunction with its cardiovascular complications is becoming the most serious health challenge worldwide. A previous meta-analysis conclusively showed a strong and consistent correlation between higher circulating adiponectin levels and lower risk of T2DM [1]. Another recent meta-analysis showed that hypoadiponectinemia was associated with the development of T2DM [2]. Adiponectin has been proposed to be a therapeutic target and prognostic marker for cardiometabolic diseases [3]. There are many conflicting results about the associations between circulating adiponectin and the prognosis of T2DM [4,5,6,7]. Epidemiological studies have suggested that adiponectin is associated with the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This study first examined the effect of purified anthocyanins, a group of dietary flavonoids, on serum adiponectin in patients with prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes
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