Anthocyanin Rich-Berry extracts coated magnetic Fe3O4 bionanocomposites and their antibacterial activity

Abstract

The relentless evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has made treating bacterial infections with conventional antibiotics increasingly difficult. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for innovative strategies that demonstrate exceptional antibacterial efficiency to effectively combat these resilient pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of extraction of anthocyanins-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) as an antibacterial agent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus-902. The anthocyanins were extracted from three different berries: mulberry, blackberry, and blackcurrant. The Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized using the co-precipitation method with FeCl2·4H2O and FeCl3·6H2O metal precursors. Furthermore, anthocyanins were coated onto the surface of Fe3O4 through a simple sonication process, followed by the freeze-drying, resulting in Fe3O4/bionanocomposites (BNC). The mulberry, blackberry, and black currant-derived anthocyanins coated Fe3O4 were labelled as Fe3O4/MB, Fe3O4/BB, and Fe3O4/BC, respectively. The resulting Fe3O4/BNCs were analyzed using various spectroscopy and microscopic techniques. The XRD results showed that the Fe3O4/BNC formed a face-centred cubic structure, with particle size determined debye-Scherrer’s equation, and the obtained particle size was 15–18 nm. Finally, the obtained Fe3O4/BNC was used as an antibacterial agent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus-902. The Fe3O4/BNC exhibited strong antibacterial activity against bacterial species. Thus, this study offers a competitive approach to create recyclable antibacterial materials with specific antibacterial therapeutic properties.