Abstract
Novel alternative compounds for the treatment of soil-transmitted helminths are urgently needed due to the development of resistance to chemotherapy. Many screen plants for anthelmintic activity, but animal-based products are also potential sources for medicine. For example, caprine milk is a popular drink much coveted for its nutraceutical effect. However, the anthelmintic activity of caprine milk is not known. The present study utilizes a systematic review of the literature to identify any anthelmintic effect of caprine milk from Scopus, Medline, Ovid, Embase, Cinahl and Web of Science databases. Of the 355 titles produced by the bibliographic search only 3 manuscripts were included in this review. Our systematic review found very limited evidence of caprine milk having any anthelmintic effect. It highlights the need for a more focused and rigorous work on the anthelmintic effect of caprine milk.
Highlights
Soil-transmitted helminth infection is a global affliction which affects humans and potentially results in significant global disease burden [1]
A systematic scientific review of the available literature using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines [11] was performed in December 2019 to identify any scientific article documenting anthelmintic effect of caprine milk (Figure 1)
Caprine milk kefir demonstrated a 100% mortality rate by 8hrs incubation at 0.5mg/ml concentration while the lowest concentration of 0.125mg/ml only resulted in 45.3% mortality rate by 8 hrs
Summary
Soil-transmitted helminth infection is a global affliction which affects humans and potentially results in significant global disease burden [1]. It affects livestock, resulting in significant economic losses [2]. Chemotherapy carried out based on limited available classes of anthelmintic is losing efficacy in humans and it has caused resistance to be developed in animals [3] [4]. Bovine and camel milk have shown considerable anthelmintic efficacy [6]-[8]. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to investigate whether there is any evidence of anthelmintic activity of caprine milk
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