Anterior Elbow Release of Spastic Elbow Flexion Deformity in Children With Cerebral Palsy

Abstract

This study evaluated anterior elbow release for spastic elbow flexion deformity in children with cerebral palsy. Forty-two consecutive surgical procedures are reported in 40 children with a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. The procedure included incision of the lacertus fibrosus, fractional lengthening of the brachialis aponeurosis, and denuding the peritendinous adventitia from the biceps tendon to remove afferent nerve fibers and receptors. Preoperative and postoperative measurements of the flexion posture angle, active extension, and active flexion were obtained, as well as completion of a written questionnaire by the parents. Flexion posture angle improved from 104 degrees before surgery to 55 degrees after surgery, a reduction of 49 degrees; active extension improved from 43 degrees to 27 degrees. There was no significant change in elbow flexion. Before surgery, the average percentage use of the arm was 12%, which improved significantly to 44% after surgery. The authors conclude that anterior elbow release can significantly improve the flexion posture angle and active extension of the elbow, as well as both the functional use and aesthetic appearance of the involved upper limb.