Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in the prepubescent and adolescent. Modern trends and researches

Abstract

The article represents a literature review of research on diagnostics and treatment of ACL tears and intercondylar eminence fractures in children and adolescence published between 2015 and 2020. We scrolled the following databases: Google scholar, Pubmed, and eLilbrary. Today knee injury with isolated ACL tears in young patients is growing more frequent due to their enhanced participation in extreme sports and other organized leisure activities where the risk of injury perceives. The injury with isolated ACL tears represents 1/4 of all knee injuries. Apart from extreme activities there is another risk factor that causes ACL tears late surgical involvement. Partial ACL tears and surgical techniques of skeletal immature patients (extraphyseal and all-ephyseal) were analysed in this study too. This work also includes the subject of re-fixation of fresh ACL rupture. Perspectives of return to sports of young athletes were also analysed. The most common predictive factor of returning to sports is a patients age. Young children return to their usual physical activities more promptly. Questions of proprioceptive impact on bio-mechanics and graft re-innervation also raised. The problem of ACL tears in children and adolescent patient are relevant. It needs more researches and improvements of surgery techniques.