Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of anterior chamber depth and axial length on clinical performance of the Spot Vision Screener in detecting amblyopia risk factors in children aged 3-10 years. A total of 300 eyes from 150 patients aged 3-10 years were prospectively tested with Spot Vision Screener (firmware version 3.0.02.32, software version 3.0.04.06) and a standard autorefractometer (Nidek ARK-1). The anterior chamber depth and axial length were measured with an optical biometer (Nidek AL-Scan). The sensitivity and specificity values for detecting significant refractive errors using the referral criteria of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus were determined. Pearson's correlation analysis was employed to evaluate the relationship between the Spot Vision results and the anterior chamber depth and axial length. Compared with the standard autorefractometer results, the Spot Vision Screener's sensitivity and specificity was 59% and 94%, respectively. The differences between the cycloplegic autorefractometer and the Spot Vision Screener spherical equivalents were negatively correlated with anterior chamber depth (r=-0.48; p<0.001) and axial length (r=-0.45; p<0.001). The Spot Vision Screener has moderate sensitivity and high specificity, using the criteria of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. The anterior chamber depth and axial length affect the Spot Vision results.
Highlights
Amblyopia is the most common cause of unilateral or bilateral vision loss in children, affecting 1.5%-3.6% of the population, and can be treated if diagnosed early
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of the Spot Vision Screener pediatric photorefractometer (Welch Allyn, Skaneateles Falls, NY, US; firmware version 3.0.02.32, software version 3.0.04.06), a handheld, touchscreen, rechargeable, portable device, for detecting amblyopia risk factors (ARFs) in Turkish children aged 3 to 10 years and whether anterior chamber depth and axial length could affect the device’s performance
Modest et al demonstrated significant improvement in complete vision screening for children 3-5 years of age with instrument-based vision screening compared with chart-based screening[14]
Summary
Amblyopia is the most common cause of unilateral or bilateral vision loss in children, affecting 1.5%-3.6% of the population, and can be treated if diagnosed early. Amblyopia can be classified as strabismic, refractive (anisometropic or isometropic), deprivational, idiopathic, or mixed[1,2]. This content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attributions 4.0 International License. In 2012, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS), and the American Association of Certified Orthoptists (AACO) recommended early instrument-based pediatric vision screening[5]. In 2013, the AAPOS published new guide lines on screening for amblyopia risk factors (ARFs)(6). Photorefractometers have been shown to be effective for screening refractive errors in preschool children too young to cooperate with fixed autorefractometers[7,8,9]
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