Antepartum eclampsia with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndromes.

Abstract

A 39-year-old pregnant woman was experienced thunderclap headache due to reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) as a prodromal symptom. Two days after, she was brought to our hospital after an eclamptic seizure at 35 weeks of gestation. After management with magnesium sulphate, a cesarean delivery was performed, and passed without eclamptic seizure recurrence with calcium channel blocker (CCB) administration for hypertension and prophylaxis of another seizure. Antepartum eclampsia is sometimes complicated by headache as a prodromal symptom. Cerebrovascular diseases in the perinatal period include eclampsia, RCVS and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, which have potentially overlapping pathologies. Here, we first report a case of overlapping those three diseases in the antepartum period. Our best literature review showed that antepartum RCVS is severe and has complications besides thunderclap headache, and there is a case report which CCB administration was shown to be effective in the treatment of antepartum RCVS. If thunderclap headache is recognized, prediction of eclampsia and getting better course of RCVS with CCB administration may be possible.