Abstract
Olfaction plays key roles in insect survival and reproduction, such as feeding, courtship, mating, and oviposition. The olfactory-based control strategies have been developed an important means for pest management. Streltzoviella insularis is a destructive insect pest of many street tree species, and characterization of its olfactory proteins could provide targets for the disruption of their odour recognition processes and for urban forestry protection. In this study, we assembled the antennal transcriptome of S. insularis by next-generation sequencing and annotated the main olfactory multi-gene families, including 28 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 12 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 56 odorant receptors (ORs), 11 ionotropic receptors (IRs), two sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), and 101 odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs). Sequence and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the characteristics of these proteins. We further detected tissue- and sex-specific expression patterns of OBPs, CSPs and SNMPs by quantitative real time-PCR. Most OBPs were highly and differentially expressed in the antennae of both sexes. SinsCSP10 was expressed more highly in male antennae than in other tissues. Two SNMPs were highly expressed in the antennae, with no significant difference in expression between the sexes. Our results lay a solid foundation for understanding the precise molecular mechanisms underlying S. insularis odour recognition.
Highlights
Olfaction plays key roles in insect survival and reproduction, and the antennae are regarded as important olfactory organs in insects; they can sensitively detect chemical signals from the environment and produce behavioural reactions, such as feeding, courtship, mating, and oviposition[1–5]
SNMP2 is associated with pheromone-sensitive sensilla, but it is only expressed in supporting cells[18,19]
After odorant receptors (ORs) activation, olfactory signals must be degraded rapidly to prevent from prolonged olfactory neuronal excitation, and odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs) inactivate odorant molecules by enzymatic degradation in the sensillar lymph of insect antennae, such as carboxylesterase (CEX), aldehyde oxidases (AOX), alcohol dehydrogenase (AD), cytochrome P450 (CYP) and glutathione S-transferases (GST)[26–29]
Summary
Olfaction plays key roles in insect survival and reproduction, and the antennae are regarded as important olfactory organs in insects; they can sensitively detect chemical signals from the environment and produce behavioural reactions, such as feeding, courtship, mating, and oviposition[1–5] These processes cannot occur without the involvement of olfactory proteins expressed in the antennae. We further examined the expression patterns of OBPs, CSPs and SNMPs by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) in various tissues of the two sexes These results lay a solid foundation for understanding the molecular basis of odour recognition in S. insularis and other insects, and they provide a basis for the development of new pest control methods targeting the olfactory system in S. insularis
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