Antenatal maternal antidepressants drugs affect Activin A concentrations in maternal blood, in amniotic fluid and in fetal cord blood

Abstract

Objective: The use of antidepressant drugs during pregnancy is rapidly increasing both in Europe and in the USA, with controversial data regarding side-effects on fetus and newborn. We investigated, in pregnant women and in fetal biological fluids whether the concentrations of a brain protein, Activin A, changed in association with the use of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI). Methods: We conducted a case control study in 24 women treated with SSRIs, matched with 24 healthy pregnancies as controls. Maternal blood (during labor, T1), fetal blood (venous (T2) and arterial [T3] umbilical cord blood) and amniotic fluid (T4) were drawn for standard laboratory assessment and for Activin A measurement. Results: Activin A concentrations in maternal and fetal biological fluids were significantly higher in SSRI users than in the control groups(P < 0.05, for all). Conclusions: Activin A in maternal and fetal biological fluids is increased after SSRI administration in the third trimester of pregnancy. The present findings open up a new cue for further studies aimed at investigating protein’s key role in central nervous system protection/damage in pregnant women using these drugs.