Abstract
The influence of news media on audience cognitions, attitudes, and behaviors in the realm of politics, race relations, science, and health has been extensively documented.Agenda setting and framing studies show that news media influence how people develop schema and place priorities on issues, with media stories serving as a major source of issue frames. Although news media are an important intermediary in the translation of scientific knowledge to different publics, little has been documented about the production of health news and factors that may predict media agenda setting and framing in health journalism. We used data from a 2005 national survey of U.S. health reporters and editors to examine predictors of source, resource, story angle, and frame usage among reporters and editors by variables such as organizational structure, individual characteristics of respondents (such as education and years working as a journalist),and perceptions of occupational autonomy. Multivariable logistic regression models revealed several differences among U.S. health reports and editors in the likelihood of using a variety of news sources, resources, priorities, and angles in reporting. Media agenda setting and framing theories suggest that practitioners familiar with media processes can work with journalists to frame messages, thereby increasing the probability of accurate and effective reporting. Results from this study may help to inform interactions between public health and medical practitioners and the press [corrected].
Highlights
Health is a matter of public agenda and more and more information on health issues with true knowledge of the subject and correct use of primary sources is being required by specialist journalism
This investigation analyses the treatment of information regarding Anorexia Nervosa in 3 Spanish newspapers (El País, El Mundo, ABC) over 5 years (2007-2012)
The results provide interesting information concerning issues associated with that illness and the sources used to prepare the reports
Summary
En la sociedad actual la salud ocupa un lugar importante, el primero, según las diferentes áreas analizados en el Barómetro Sanitario del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS) del año 2012, seguido de la educación la vivienda y las pensiones. Esta investigación se fundamenta en que los medios de comunicación pueden contribuir con su agenda informativa a modificar, concienciar, hacer pedagogía sobre las noticias de salud (McCombs, 2004; Revuelta, 2006 y 2012; Peñafiel et al, 2014; Wallington et al, 2010) o, incluso, a ayudar a conseguir la actual aspiración de las sociedades: no enfermar (Ugarte et al, 2010). Acercar conceptos sanitarios al público pasa por emplear a los medios de comunicación como difusores o escaparates de temas informativos de salud pública: “La información es una de las armas más eficaces con que se cuenta para evitar que la ignorancia o las ideas incorrectas sobre temas relacionados con la salud pongan a la población en peligro de enfermar” (Arredondo, 1994: 423). El trabajo que presentamos se centra en el tratamiento informativo de la anorexia nerviosa y el papel que los medios de comunicación ejercen en la promoción y/o concienciación de esta enfermedad en la sociedad
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