Abstract
The promotion of academic entrepreneurship through the creation of university spin-offs (USOs) as a transfer system has been enhanced during the last two decades. This commitment of universities and public policy makers has been based mainly on the use of investments of public funds in universities and the capacity for such investments to create employment and economic growth. In this sense, entrepreneurial skills are one of the strongest determinants of intention. For this reason, the present study proposes the use of the paradigm known as Big Five, which proposes as personality variables those recognized by the acronym OCEAN (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) to recognize if they are determinants of entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurial intent, all through the application of Theory Planed Behavior (TPB). To study the influence of entrepreneurial skills, a self-administrated questionnaire was sent to more than 33,000 Spanish academics. The responses yielded a sample size of 799. The results show that entrepreneurial skills are the prime determinants of attitude and perceived control, and attitude is the decisive factor that determines the intention to go into business. Therefore, investment in training and the cultivation of skills and attitudes constitute the most relevant factors for achieving an increase in the creation of USOs.
Highlights
The encouragement of academic entrepreneurship through the creation of university spin-offs (USOs) as a transfer system has been on the increase during the last two decades (Vega-Gomez et al, 2018)
Taking into account the main theoretical and empirical relationships highlighted above, and taking into consideration the work of Ahmetoglu (2015), we propose a model to explain the entrepreneurial intention (EI) of Spanish academics on the basis of their personal skills (OCEAN), their skills related to enterprise, their perceived control, and their attitude
The decision adopted has been to make 0.65 the minimum value of the loading of an item to accept its individual reliability. Those cases in which an indicator can present a value close to 0.65 will be analyzed individually; when this occurs, it will be decided to keep the item if its removal does not imply significant improvement in the average variance extracted (AVE) of the construct
Summary
The encouragement of academic entrepreneurship through the creation of university spin-offs (USOs) as a transfer system has been on the increase during the last two decades (Vega-Gomez et al, 2018). This commitment of universities and public administrations has been based mainly on sizable investments of public money for universities and the use of these investments to stimulate job creation and economic growth (Bienkowska & Klofsten, 2012; Etzkowitz & Klofsten, 2005; Fini et al, 2018; Vac & Fitiu, 2017) This position of support toward USOs has been carried out on different fronts and with several varieties of assistance, with training for acquisition of entrepreneurial skills being one of the ones most used by all of the administrations involved (Lackéus & Williams Middleton, 2015; Nabi et al, 2017). These authors point out that the most popular topic in this subfield is the investigation of the relationship between entrepreneurial or personal characteristics and entrepreneurial intention (EI)
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