Antecedents and early correlates of high and low concentrations of angiogenic proteins in extremely preterm newborns

Abstract

BackgroundTo identify the antecedents and very early correlates of low concentrations of angiogenic proteins in the blood of extremely preterm newborns during the first postnatal month. MethodsUsing multiplex immunoassays we measured the concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF), VEGF receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), placenta growth factor (PIGF), and angiopoietins 1 and 2 (Ang-1, Ang-2), as well as 21 other proteins in blood spots collected on postnatal days 1 (N=1062), 7 (N=1087), 14 (N=989), 21 (N=940) and 28 (N=880) from infants born before the 28th week of gestation. We then sought the protein-concentration correlates of concentrations in the top and bottom quartile for gestational age and day the specimen was collected. ResultsChildren who were delivered for medical indications and those who were severely growth restricted were more likely than others to have low day-1 blood concentrations of VEGF, VEGF-R2, Ang-1, and PIGF. Systemic inflammation accompanied top quartile concentrations of every one of the 6 angiogenic proteins. ConclusionsLow day-1 concentrations of most angiogenic proteins are associated with disorders linked to placenta insufficiency/dysfunction. High concentrations, on the other hand, are associated with systemic inflammation throughout the first postnatal month.