Abstract
Common root rot, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, is one of the most prevalent diseases of wheat and has led to major declines in wheat yield and quality worldwide. Here, strain XZ34-1 was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on the morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence. Culture filtrate (CF) of strain XZ34-1 showed a high inhibition rate against B. sorokiniana and had a broad antifungal spectrum. It also remarkably inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of B. sorokiniana. In pot control experiments, the incidence and disease index of common root rot in wheat seedlings were decreased after treatment with CF, and the biological control efficacy was significant, up to 78.24%. Further studies showed XZ34-1 could produce antifungal bioactive substances and had the potential of promoting plant growth. Lipopeptide genes detection with PCR indicated that strain XZ34-1 may produce lipopeptides. Furthermore, activities of defense-related enzymes were enhanced in wheat seedlings after inoculation with B. sorokiniana and treatment with CF, which showed induced resistance could be produced in wheat to resist pathogens. These results reveal that strain XZ34-1 is a promising candidate for application as a biological control agent against B. sorokiniana.
Highlights
Common root rot is one of the most prevalent diseases of wheat and has become a severe threat to global wheat production [1]
The Oxford cup method was used to test the antagonistic effect of five isolates against the pathogenic fungi, and the results showed that XZ34-1 had the strongest antifungal effect and was selected for further studies
propidium iodide (PI) staining showed that obvious red fluorescence was present in the mycelia treated by culture filtrate (CF), while it was absent in the control mycelia (Figure 4). These results indicated that the membrane integrity of mycelia was destroyed by CF of antagonistic strain XZ34-1
Summary
Common root rot is one of the most prevalent diseases of wheat and has become a severe threat to global wheat production [1] It is characterized by the development of necrotic lesions on the roots and sub-crown. As the pathogenic fungi of wheat common root rot, Bipolaris sorokiniana results from soil-borne or seed-borne inoculum and can attack all wheat parts, including seeds, roots, shoots, and leaves, and results in yield losses in wheat [2]. When severely infected, it can cause the aboveground parts of the wheat to die. It seriously affects the quality and nutrition of wheat flour [8]
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