Abstract
China is one of the countries with serious pollution of heavy metals in cultivated land, which caused much loss to crop yield and quality, especially to sweet maize. In order to analyze dry weight of shoots, roots and spikes and the enrichment characteristics of Pb and Cd of 10 sweet maize inbred lines under moderate Pb, Cd and compound stress of Pb and Cd stress, a pot culture was conducted at room temperature in green house. The result indicates that the Pb and Cd accumulation in sweet maizes shows a trend like roots>leaves>grains. The influence of stress type on dry and fresh weight is as compound stress>Cd stress>Pb stress. The dry and fresh weight affected by stress shows a trend as grains>leaves>roots. According to the yield of grains, SW10 (relative coefficient 0.964) and SW6 (relative coefficient 0.931) was selected as the Pb high tolerance inbred line and Cd high tolerance inbred lines respectively, and the grains' coefficients of fresh weight under compound stress are 0.706 and 0.751 respectively. 3 of 10 inbred lines are screened out, whose grains Cd accumulations are under 0.1mg under Cd stress. 2 of 10 inbred lines are screened out, whose grains Pb accumulations are under 0.1mg under compound stress and 3 of 10 inbred lines are screened out, whose grains Cd accumulations are under 0.1mg under compound stress. The inbred line SW3 is the only material whose Pb and Cd accumulations are neither exceeding the standard. Above research provides astrategy of sweet maize breeding materials under heavy metal stress.
Highlights
Heavy metal pollution is a global problem
The response of sweet maize inbred lines to heavy metal stress was evaluated by comparing the yield performance of underground, aboveground dry matter weight and fresh ear weight under different pollution environments with the corresponding yield
The results showed that the combined pollution of Pb-Cd had the greatest impact on the fresh weight of maize shoots, underground parts and ears, followed by Cd pollution, and the least impact was Pb pollution
Summary
Heavy metal pollution is a global problem. Many countries and regions, including the United States, Japan and other developed countries, have experienced heavy metal pollution [1]. According to the statistics data, the major heavy metal pollutants discharged annually to the environment in the world are cadmium 5.0 × 106t, lead 5.0 × 106t, mercury 1.5 × 104t and nickel 1.0 × 106t. According to the National Soil Pollution Survey Bulletin in 2014, the over-standard rate of the cultivated land in China is 19.4%, of which 13.7%, 2.8%, 1.8% and 1.1% are slightly, mildly, moderately and severely polluted, respectively. It is mainly polluted by heavy metals such as Cd, As, Hg, Pb and Cr, especially in the west south and central south areas in China are the most serious [5]
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