Abstract
Abstract The anatomical structure of in vitro-generated roots contrasted sharply with ex vitro roots produced on parallel treatments of micropropagated woody plant clones. In vitro roots contained enlarged, irregular, frequently pigmented cortical cells with numerous intercellular spaces, and only primary vascular system 4–5 weeks after initiation, while ex vitro roots of the same age were comprised of smaller, uniformly arranged cell layers and were developmentally further advanced (exhibited secondary vascular system development). Light exposure was not a major influence on anomalous structure of in vitro roots, other than pigmented cell frequency. Ex vitro rooting hormone stimulated production of thicker, more frequent root initials, although root structure beyond the point of emergence from the stem quickly transformed to the slender, compact character typical of ex vitro production.
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