Abstract
Thrusts and reactions of water jets issuing through small orifices and thin slots were measured and compared with the predictions from numerical solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations. Reasonable agreements were obtained between the experimental and numerical results for orifices and slots with openings of the order of 1mm size, but not with those of 10μm or less. The experimental results were found to be well below the predictions for apertures of the order of 10μm. The difference between the numerically calculated and the measured thrusts/reactions for the small apertures was found to be proportional to the square of the mean velocity. Several possible causes for the observed reduction in jet thrust/reaction in small apertures were examined, but none of them could adequately explain the flow anomaly.
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