Anomalous diamagnetism of heterostructures superconductor phase: Electron density waves of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) achieved by vacuum treatment below critical temperature

Abstract

In the underdoped high-temperature superconductors, the superconducting phase has been observed to overlap the phase of the wave charge density (CDW). The previous studies have demonstrated that phase modulation has a checkerboard pattern when phase formation is conducted from high temperatures to low ones, and the formation of the electron density phase preceeds the superconducting phase. In the present paper, we changed the order of the phase formation which resulted in development of heterostructures with critical transition temperature of 200 K.