Anomalous and inverse spin Hall effects in Pt1-xBix/(YLuBiCa)3(FeGa)5O12 heterojunction

Abstract

A garnet film with spatial magnetic moment distribution has been grown on gadolinium gallium garnet wafer (111) crystal plane, by regulating liquid phase epitaxial growth parameters and sub-lattice ions substitution, then 10 nm Pt1-xBix (x = 2% – 8%) alloy film was deposited on the surface of the garnet films. A new spin heterojunction Pt1-xBix/(YLuBiCa)3(FeGa)5O12 with both inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) and anomalous spin Hall effect (ASHE) was designed and fabricated. The spatial magnetic moment distribution of the heterojunction has been found, which lays the foundation of the spin heterojunction for multiple spin injection with both spin electron reverse injection and anomalous injection. Because Bi ions doping and substitution increases the spin–orbit torque and the mixed conductance of the heterojunction, an oblique ASHE voltage curve and an enhanced ISHE voltage curve with double resonance peak were observed. It was confirmed that the injection of spinning electron into the heterojunction can be enhanced with both the ISHE and ASHE effect by adjusting the spatial magnetic moment distribution, which is a foundation for the future application of spin wave 3D antenna and other devices.