Anomalies of temperature and annual runoff of the Danube River in the wide range of solar variability scales

Abstract

Analyzed is the variability of precipitation in the area of the southern coast of the Crimea and the Danube River catchment as well as of the Danube River runoff. It is demonstrated that minimum precipitation and minimum runoff of the Danube River were observed in the years with the minimum of the quasicentennial cycle of solar activity (1879–1933), when the index of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was maximum. The precipitation and the Danube River runoff were maximum in the years with the quasicentennial maximum of solar activity (1934–1996), when the NAO index was minimun. It is obtained that in the regions under consideration precipitation and the Danube River runoff are minimum in the years of the even cycle of solar activity and maximum in the years of the odd cycle. Discussed is the considerable difference in the interannual distribution of total precipitation in the catchment of the Danube River and its runoff in the years of even and odd cycles of solar activity.