Anomalies from Non-Perturbative Standard Model Effects

Abstract

We interpret anomalies/deviations from the Standard Model as being in fact due to non- perturbative effects, because the top-yukawa-coupling is after all so large that non-perturbative effects become important. Most of the anomalies found have the character of signaling violation of lepton universality (LUV). There are four lepton universality violating anomalies known at present, which we shall fit with one overall scale parameter K to order of magnitude accuracy. One can look at the picture that we have found - due to the rather strong top-yukawa-coupling - as a new sector of strongly interacting particles analogous to QCD inside the Standard Model! In addition we treat what is presumably also an anomaly: the experimental value of the direct CP- violation parameter ε ′ or ε ′ / ε turns out to be a factor 2 or more larger than the Standard Model prediction. It can also be fitted well by our model. However if we include in our anomaly model such processes not involving leptons (but only quarks), it seems superficially that we obtain very large - and phenomenologically unacceptable - anomalies in K 0 K ̄ 0 etc. mixing. To rescue our model from this falsification, we think of the interacting quarks as provided with clouds (on 1/2 TeV scale) of, in our picture, the strongly interacting Higgs and top-quark particles, and that too strongly interacting such clouds cannot penetrate into each other. Thereby the interactions and thus the resulting anomalies are damped. Even with such a crutch for our theory we only barely manage to avoid an overlarge anomaly in the indirect CP-violation parameter ε . Our modified model also predicts an anomalous contribution to the K L − K S mass difference of the same order of magnitude as the experimental value, which is consistent with the (statistically insignificant) deviation from the Standard Model lattice value.