Abstract
O presente trabalho versa sobre o diagnóstico e a abordagem ortodôntica das anomalias dentárias, enfatizando os aspectos etiológicos que definem tais irregularidades de desenvolvimento. Parece existir uma inter-relação genética na determinação de algumas dessas anomalias, considerando-se a alta frequência de associações. Um mesmo defeito genético pode originar diferentes manifestações fenotípicas, incluindo agenesias, microdontias, ectopias e atraso no desenvolvimento dentário. As implicações clínicas das anomalias dentárias associadas são muito relevantes, uma vez que o diagnóstico precoce de uma determinada anomalia dentária pode alertar o clínico sobre a possibilidade de desenvolvimento de outras anomalias associadas no mesmo paciente ou em outros membros da família, permitindo a intervenção ortodôntica em época oportuna.
Highlights
The transition from the deciduous to the permanent dentition is a complex biological process rich in details and represents one of the nature’s expressions of perfection
From the mildest to the most severe manifestation, represented respectively by the developmental delay and by the tooth agenesis, there is a myriad of expressions, including microdontia, changes in dental morphology and ectopias
The influence of genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of malocclusions represents a subject of great importance in Orthodontics
Summary
The transition from the deciduous to the permanent dentition is a complex biological process rich in details and represents one of the nature’s expressions of perfection. More affected than the left side (32%).[23] There are some evidences that the etiology of mandibular lateral incisor-canine transposition present a genetic background.[23,25] Peck, Peck and Kataja,[23] in a remarkable sample of 60 patients showing this type of transposition, found an increased prevalence of associated permanent tooth agenesis and conical upper lateral incisors (Table 1) This modality of tooth transposition was associated with a high prevalence of second premolar and third molar agenesis, while the prevalence of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis was not different from the prevalence expected for the general population.[23].
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