Abstract
In order to avoid chlorine evolution on the anode in hot seawater electrolysis, the oxygen evolution anodes were tailored. γ-MnO 2 -type Mn 1-x-y Mo x Fe y O 2+x-0.5y anodes consisting of Mn 4+ , Mo 6+ and Fe 3+ were prepared by anodic deposition. The anodes with the 100% oxygen evolution efficiency in the electrolysis of 0.5 kmol m -3 NaCl at pH 12, 353 K and a current density of 1000 Am -2 were prepared in solutions consisting of 0.003 kmol m -3 Na 2 MoO 4 , 0.1 kmol m -3 Fe(NH 4 )(SO 4 ) 2 and 0.2 kmol m -3 or higher concentrations of MnSO 4 at pH 0.33-0.5, 363 K and a current density of 600 Am -2 . In the outside of this range, generally because of lower deposition efficiency, the electrode surface was not completely covered with anodically deposited oxides with a consequent lower oxygen evolution efficiency.
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