Abstract
Background: Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS) is a neurodegenerative disorder that overlaps both clinically and neuropathologically with Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and is characterized by apraxia, alien limb phenomena, cortical sensory loss, cognitive impairment, behavioral changes and aphasia. It has been recently demonstrated that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improves naming in healthy subjects and in subjects with language deficits.Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the extent to which anodal tDCS over the parietal cortex (PARC) could facilitate naming performance in CBS subjects.Methods: Anodal tDCS was applied to the left and right PARC during object and action naming in seventeen patients with a diagnosis of possible CBS. Participants underwent two sessions of anodal tDCS (left and right) and one session of placebo tDCS. Vocal responses were recorded and analyzed for accuracy and vocal Reaction Times (vRTs).Results: A shortening of naming latency for actions was observed only after active anodal stimulation over the left PARC, as compared to placebo and right stimulations. No effects have been reported for accuracy.Conclusions: Our preliminary finding demonstrated that tDCS decreased vocal reaction time during action naming in a sample of patients with CBS. A possible explanation of our results is that anodal tDCS over the left PARC effects the brain network implicated in action observation and representation. Further studies, based on larger patient samples, should be conducted to investigate the usefulness of tDCS as an additional treatment of linguistic deficits in CBS patients.
Highlights
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is an umbrella term for a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders that primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, areas generally associated with personality, behavior and cognitive impairments. (Grossman et al, 1996; Hodges and Patterson, 1996; Neary et al, 1998; Gorno-Tempini et al, 2004)
We investigated whether modulating the activity of the parietal cortex (PARC) can improve naming performance in patients with Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS)
Reaction Times The ANOVA on log-transformed vocal reaction times (vRTs) showed a significant effect of stimulus (F(1,16) = 75.73, p < 0.0001) and of the interaction between stimulus and stimulation (F(2,32) = 4.63, p = 0.017)
Summary
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is an umbrella term for a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders that primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, areas generally associated with personality, behavior and cognitive impairments. (Grossman et al, 1996; Hodges and Patterson, 1996; Neary et al, 1998; Gorno-Tempini et al, 2004). Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is an umbrella term for a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders that primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, areas generally associated with personality, behavior and cognitive impairments. CBS is a clinical entity characterized by a relatively specific pattern of cortical atrophy (McKhann et al, 2001) and basal ganglia dysfunction as reflected by varying combination of stiffness, clumsiness, dystonia, ideomotor apraxia, alien limb phenomenon, cortical sensory loss, visual or sensory hemi neglect, myoclonus and language deficits (Armstrong et al, 2013). Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS) is a neurodegenerative disorder that overlaps both clinically and neuropathologically with Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and is characterized by apraxia, alien limb phenomena, cortical sensory loss, cognitive impairment, behavioral changes and aphasia. It has been recently demonstrated that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improves naming in healthy subjects and in subjects with language deficits
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