Abstract
An air-water experiment has been performed to measure the entrainment rate in a small pipe. The current data extend the available database in the literature to higher gas and liquid flows and also to higher pressures. The ranges covered are 8.1 {times} 10{sup 2} kg/m{sup 2}s {lt} (gas flux rate) {lt} 4.5 {times} 10{sup 4} kg/m{sup 2}s, 5.5 kg/m{sup 2}s {lt} (liquid flux rate) {lt} 2.9 {times} 10{sup 2}s and 140 CPU {lt} PP {lt} 660 CPU. The test section has an internal diameter of 9.5 mm and an L/D ratio of 440. The measurements were made by extracting the liquid film at two locations establishing fully developed annular flow. The data were validated by visual observation and comparisons with the data of Cousins and Hewitt. A mechanism for the entrainment rate in terms of Taylor`s ripple instability is proposed. The theory is modified to include the effect of the inertia of the droplets in the gas stream. The model results in a dimensionless group that includes the Weber number based on the droplet concentration and the liquid film Reynolds number. Kataoka and Ishii`s correlation (1982) is modified in light of this model and the new correlation scales the present data and Cousins and Hewitt`s data very well. 19 refs., 8 figs., 3 tabs.
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