Annual alveolar bone loss in subjects with cardiovascular disease adjusting for associated systemic diseases and risk factors: a retrospective study

J Max Goodson,Mohammad Helmi,Hatice Hasturk,Zuhair S Natto

doi:10.1186/s12903-020-1015-y

Abstract

BackgroundTo detect annual alveolar bone loss in subjects with cardiovascular disease (CVD) adjusting for associated systemic diseases and risk factors.MethodsA total number of 132 subjects that reported having CVD from 2008 to 2015 (N = 132). For longitudinal data analysis, 58 subjects eligible for inclusion with at least two exposures of complete mouth set or repeated BW radiographs with at least one-year interval compared with a control group. Alveolar bone level on mesial and distal sites of posterior teeth was measured on bitewing (BW) radiographs available in the electronic health records of each subject.ResultsSubjects who reported having cardiovascular diseases experienced higher annual mean alveolar bone loss (0.062 mm per year) compared to Subjects with no cardiovascular diseases (0.022 mm per year).ConclusionSubjects who have reported CVD had higher rate of annual bone loss compared to subjects who did not have any CVD. This observation indicates that targeting high-risk individuals for risk assessment is fundamental to provide the best healthcare possible to those who are the most in need. Periodic examination and assessment of periodontal health is an essential key factor for better oral health, however, it has to be more emphasized and prioritized for individuals that are more prone to the disease.

Highlights

Many studies have been conducted to address the relationship between periodontal diseases and cardiovascular diseases [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] (CVD)
Several studies in the literature reported an association between hypertension and periodontal diseases [27,28,29], we found that subjects with reported hypertension, who were living in areas where median household income was high, having lower bone loss compared to individuals who were living in areas where median household income was low
Subjects who have reported CVD had higher rate of annual bone loss compared to subjects who did not have any CVD

Summary

Introduction

Many studies have been conducted to address the relationship between periodontal diseases and cardiovascular diseases [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] (CVD). In 2008, Humphrey et al published a systematic review and meta-analysis based on seven cohort studies that revealed statistically significant association between periodontitis and the incidence of coronary heart disease [4]. Several studies have been conducted as well not to just assess the association or relationship between the two diseases, and to investigate and understand the underlying inflammatory responses shared by periodontal diseases and cardiovascular diseases [1, 5,6,7,8]. To detect annual alveolar bone loss in subjects with cardiovascular disease (CVD) adjusting for associated systemic diseases and risk factors

Objectives

Methods

Conclusion