Abstract
Knowledge of lichenicolous fungi is limited at a worldwide level and needs further basic information, as in the case of Central and Southern Europe. The literature sources for “Revised checklist of the Hungarian lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi” by Lőkös and Farkas in 2009 contained 54 lichenicolous and other microfungi species of 38 genera. Due to recent field studies and microscopic work, the number of known species has increased to 104 lichenicolous species in 64 genera during the last decade, including 53 new species for the country. Old records of five species were confirmed by new collections. Key characteristics of some of the most interesting species are illustrated by microscopic views and two distribution maps are provided. Recent biodiversity estimates suggest that the number of currently known species could be 1.5 (–2) times higher with more detailed work on field collections. Although lichenicolous fungi have been less well studied in Hungary in the past, the relative diversity of lichenicolous fungi there, as indicated by Zhurbenko’s lichenicolous index, was found to be slightly higher than the mean value calculated for the world.
Highlights
IntroductionThe symbiosis of lichenized fungi in the strict sense consists of one fungal (mycobiont) and one photosynthetic (photobiont) partner [1]
The symbiosis of lichenized fungi in the strict sense consists of one fungal and one photosynthetic partner [1]
The following checklist contains 104 species; a nomenclatural revision of the taxa treated by Lőkös and Farkas in 2009 [28] and identification of specimens recently collected treated by Lőkös and Farkas in 2009 [28] and identification of specimens recently collected mostly
Summary
The symbiosis of lichenized fungi in the strict sense consists of one fungal (mycobiont) and one photosynthetic (photobiont) partner [1]. If the number of fungi is increased by one or more additional species, the number of partners can be three (a tripartite symbiotic relationship) or more. These additional fungi are the lichen-inhabiting or lichenicolous fungi. Due to the wide range of developed systems in microscopy, microbiology, and molecular genetics, the nature of this ecosystem can be extended further when coexisting bacteria [3] and basidiomycete yeasts [4] are considered. This interpretation of mini-ecosystems was proposed by [5]
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