Abstract
Annona muricata is a member of the Annonaceae family and is a fruit tree with a long history of traditional use. A. muricata, also known as soursop, graviola and guanabana, is an evergreen plant that is mostly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The fruits of A. muricata are extensively used to prepare syrups, candies, beverages, ice creams and shakes. A wide array of ethnomedicinal activities is contributed to different parts of A. muricata, and indigenous communities in Africa and South America extensively use this plant in their folk medicine. Numerous investigations have substantiated these activities, including anticancer, anticonvulsant, anti-arthritic, antiparasitic, antimalarial, hepatoprotective and antidiabetic activities. Phytochemical studies reveal that annonaceous acetogenins are the major constituents of A. muricata. More than 100 annonaceous acetogenins have been isolated from leaves, barks, seeds, roots and fruits of A. muricata. In view of the immense studies on A. muricata, this review strives to unite available information regarding its phytochemistry, traditional uses and biological activities.
Highlights
Natural products, especially those derived from plants, have been used to help mankind sustain its health since the dawn of medicine
A. muricata is a coveted tropical tree, and a wealth of phytochemical investigations have been conducted for this fruit plant
In addition to being an important source for the food industry and an indigenous medicinal plant, A. muricata is proven to possess a wide spectrum of biological activities
Summary
Especially those derived from plants, have been used to help mankind sustain its health since the dawn of medicine. The importance of the active ingredients of plants in agriculture and medicine has stimulated significant scientific interest in the biological activities of these substances [1]. Despite these studies, a restricted range of plant species has experienced detailed scientific inspection, and our knowledge is comparatively insufficient concerning their potential role in nature. Plants with a long history of use in ethno medicine are a rich source of active phytoconstituents that provide medicinal or health benefits against various ailments and diseases. One such plant with extensive traditional use is Annona muricata. We describe the botany, distribution and ethnomedicinal uses of this plant, and we summarize the phytochemistry, biological activities and possible mechanisms of A. muricata bioactivities
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