Abstract
Recent evidence has demonstrated that dengue virus requires active filopodia formation for a successful infection. However, the cellular factor involved in the interaction has not been fully elucidated. We used a combination of virus overlay protein binding assay and LC-MS/MS, and identified annexin II as a dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) interacting protein on Vero cells, upon filopodia induction. Flow cytometry analysis showed annexin II on the Vero cells surface increased when DENV2 was added. The amount of annexin II in the plasma membrane fraction was reduced as the infection progressed. Antibody-mediated inhibition of infection and siRNA-mediated knockdown of annexin II expression significantly reduced DENV2 infection and production levels. Collectively, we demonstrated that annexin II is one of the host factor involved in DENV2 binding on Vero cells.
Highlights
Dengue virus is the most prevalent mosquito-borne virus, with an immense global health significance
Vero (DENV2) (Figure 1A), whereas no filopodia formation was observed in mock-exposed Verocells cells
We further examined the expression of annexin II on Vero cells surface, upon dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) exposure in flow cytometry analyses
Summary
Dengue virus is the most prevalent mosquito-borne virus, with an immense global health significance. It is an etiological agent of dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Despite the increasing incidence of dengue virus infections, there are no specific antiviral agents or widely-accepted licensed vaccines available for treatment or prevention of a dengue virus infection. Identification of virus entry-associated proteins on the surface of target cells is important basic information for designing prevention and treatment strategies for viral diseases. Such therapeutic strategies have demonstrated promising results, Viruses 2019, 11, 335; doi:10.3390/v11040335 www.mdpi.com/journal/viruses
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