Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are main effector cells in allergic inflammation and after activation, they release stored (histamine, heparin, proteases) and newly synthesized (lipid mediators and cytokines) substances. In the gastrointestinal tract the largest MC population is located in the lamina propria and submucosa whereas several signals such as the cytokine IL-4, seem to increase the granule content and to stimulate a remarkable expansion of intestinal MCs. The broad range of MC-derived bioactive molecules may explain their involvement in many different allergic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a 37 KDa glucocorticoid induced monomeric protein selectively distributed in certain tissues. Its activity can be reproduced by mimetic peptides of the N-terminal portion, such as Ac2-26, that share the same receptor FPR-L1. Although previous reports demonstrated that AnxA1 inhibits MC degranulation in murine models, the effects of exogenous peptide Ac2-26 on intestinal MCs or the biological functions of the Ac2-26/FPR2 system in human MCs have been poorly studied. To determine the effects of Ac2-26 on the function of MCs toward the possibility of AnxA1-based therapeutics, we treated WT and IL-4 knockout mice with peptide Ac2-26, and we examined the spontaneous and compound 48/80 stimulated colonic MC degranulation and cytokine production. Moreover, in vitro, using human mast cell line HMC-1 we demonstrated that exogenous AnxA1 peptide is capable of interfering with the HMC-1 degranulation in a direct pathway through formyl peptide receptors (FPRs). We envisage that our results can provide therapeutic strategies to reduce the release of MC mediators in inflammatory allergic processes.
Highlights
Mast cells (MCs) have been identified as the main effector cells for allergic inflammation
The MC density in wild type (WT)-phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group was significantly lower compared to peptide Ac2-26 treated mice; in the colon mucosa of IL-4 KO mice the frequency of MCs was significantly higher compared with WT PBS group, for PBS and Annexin A1 (AnxA1) peptide Ac2-26 treated hosts, MC numbers were similar (Figure 1B)
In order to examine the effect of AnxA1 in colonic MCs, C57BL/6 WT and IL-4 KO mice received intraperitoneal administration of peptide Ac2-26 or PBS
Summary
Mast cells (MCs) have been identified as the main effector cells for allergic inflammation. They are distributed in specific sites such as skin, blood vessels, respiratory and intestinal mucosa, contributing to host defenses. The ability of MCs to respond to particular stimuli, can be modulated by cytokines, growth factors, and other microenvironmental signals. Considering that MCs complete the differentiation and maturation in target tissues in the presence of local trophic factors such as IL-9, IL-10, IL-3, IL-4, IL-33, CXCL12 [5], the absence of some of these signals could determine differences on the biological activity of these cells
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
