Abstract
<p>Volcanic Emissions</p><p>The technique for the assessment of the metal output from volcanoes was based on direct (in- plume) collection of the plume on filter substrates. Gas and aerosols in the volcanic plume have been sampled from the rims of the active craters. [...]</p>
Highlights
Bulk deposition The rain gauges used were bulk collectors which remained open during the whole sampling period, receiving both wet and dry deposition
Portable battery-powered pumps were equipped with flow meters to assure a constant flow rate and to measure the volume of collected air
Acid species were extracted from the filters by leaching with double-distilled water and H2O2, and the solution was analysed for Cl- and SO42- by ionic chromatography and for F- by ion selective electrode
Summary
Bulk deposition The rain gauges used were bulk collectors which remained open during the whole sampling period, receiving both wet and dry deposition. All determinations were performed by the external standard calibration method, using 115In as internal standards to correct instrumental drift; analytical errors ranged between 5 and 30% for the analysed elements. Sampling was performed by pumping plume air (a mixture of gases and aerosol) for about two hours through an untreated Whatman filter placed inside a Teflon filter holder (URG-2000-30FG).
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