Abstract
The Mn-doped (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 (KNN) ceramics were annealed in air at 600–800 °C for 16 h and the effects of annealing on the structure as well as the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated. The 3 mol% Mn-doped ceramics sintered at 1030–1080 °C were found to be melted after being annealed at 800 °C, and the melting temperature decreased with the increase of Mn content. The TC and TO–T of the ceramics with x ≤ 0.04 shifted significantly to higher temperature after annealing. The annealed ceramics doped with 1–4 mol% Mn possessed a large internal bias field (Ei) of 5.08–6.6 kV/cm, and larger d33 and Qm. The d33 of the 1 mol% Mn-doped ceramics increased from 109 to 124 pC/N after annealed at 600 °C, and the largest Qm, 145, was obtained when the 2 mol% Mn-doped ceramics were annealed at 700 °C.
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