Abstract
In this research work, the experimental tests were conducted on a single-cylinder, constant speed, variable compression ratio (VCR) engine fuelled with green diesel. Initially, bio-oil was extracted from waste Trichosanthes cucumerina fruit seeds using the Soxhlet apparatus. The acquired bio-oil is used to make green diesel through the trans-esterification process. The fuel blends were prepared with different proportions of Trichosanthes cucumerina biodiesel (TCB) in diesel fuel (30%, 50%, and 70%) for the experimental test, and their thermo-physical properties were evaluated according to ASTM standards. At full load condition, the TCB30 blend with CR 18:1 gives closer engine performance of brake thermal efficiency (33.52%), brake specific fuel consumption (0.27kg/kWh), and exhaust gas temperature (389.56°C) and reduced emission levels of unburned hydrocarbon by 13.51%, carbon monoxide by 10.82%, smoke opacity by 16.87%, and the penalty of nitric oxide by 17.56% equated with neat diesel fuel. The engine performance and emission parameters are predicted using multiple regression artificial neural network (ANN) models. A database generated from the experimental results is used to train the ANN model. The average correlation coefficient (R) of the trained ANN model is 0.99673, which is closer to 1. It indicates that the proposed ANN model can generate the exact correlation between input factors and output responses. As a result, the application of ANN is a better forecasting tool for predicting VCR engine performance and emission characteristics.
Highlights
The diesel engines are the prime movers for power machinery, automotive applications and the agriculture sector to produce high torque with better fuel efficiency than petrol engines (Mohan et al 2014)
The compression ratio (CR) 18:1 shows that the maximum Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for TCB30 blend (33.52%) is highest among other trichosanthes cucumerina biodiesel (TCB) blends and is 1.25% less than that of neat diesel fuel
The different proportions of TCB blends (TCB30, TCB50, TCB 70 and TCB100) and neat diesel fuel are used in the variable compression ratio (VCR) engine operations and obtain their performance and emission results
Summary
The diesel engines are the prime movers for power machinery, automotive applications and the agriculture sector to produce high torque with better fuel efficiency than petrol engines (Mohan et al 2014). It suffers from the emissions of smoke, carbon dioxide (CO2), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) promotes environmental pollution, global warming and ozone layer depletion (Elsanusi et al 2017). Biodiesel is the best solution for replacing fossil fuel, and its fuel properties comparable to neat diesel fuel (Ashok et al 2019) It can be extracted from waste biomass resources as an attractive technique. A lot of research work was done on different biodiesels in diesel engines and their performance and emission parameters were investigated (Vigneswaran et al 2018)
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