Análisis poblacional del ganado Holstein de Antioquia a partir de un polimorfismo del gen POU1F1

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the genetic structure and differentiation of an Antioquian population of Holstein cows based on one polymorphism of the POU1F1 gene. A total of 503 Holstein cows from 15 herds located at 7 municipalities of Antioquia were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP technique. Structure and genetic differentiation parameters and number of migrants were determined with GenAlex 6,5 software. The amplified fragment of 451 bp had one cleavage site for the HinfI enzyme, generating one fragment for the A allele and two fragments for the B allele. Allelic frequencies were 0.213 for A and 0.787 for B. The genotype frequencies were 0.029, 0.368 and 0.603 for AA, AB and BB, respectively. The observed (0.368) and expected (0.334) heterozygosity showed significant differences, indicating an excess of heterozygosity, and therefore departure from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The found values for FST, FIS y FIT were 0.002, -0.103 and -0.100 respectively, indicating little or no genetic differentiation among subpopulations. The estimated number of migrants was 134.51 individuals per generation. Although the subpopulations evaluated are geographically dispersed, genetic flow has counteracted genetic drift, allowing them to be a single population.