Abstract
In this study we describe and discuss a structural analysis of the Bogotá Anticline, based on the creation of a new geological map and structural cross sections, to propose a model of evolution for the folding. The Bogotá Anticline is a complex geological structure with important variations in vergence and geometry over very short distances. Because of that, its formation was previously associated with gravitational collapses. The Bogotá Anticline is located in the Bogotá Plateau, which is part of the axial zone of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. We propose that this fold displays a lateral variation that evidence different stages of deformation of a faulted detachment fold with a detachment horizon located in the Chipaque Formation. A proposed thrust fault located to the east of the structure could generate the necessary shortening for the formation of this fold. The proposed model may serve as an analogue in an earlier less deformed state for the folds observed in similar rocks of the Llanos foothills.
Highlights
The Colombian Northern Andes are characterized by three mountain ranges, the Western Cordillera, the Central Cordillera and the Eastern Cordillera, each one with different geological features and originated due to the complex interaction between the Nazca and Caribe plates with the South American Plate since the Mesozoic (Dengo and Covey, 1993)
The Eastern Cordillera can be divided into three structural domains, the western thrust belts in the Middle Magdalena Valley with a west verging tendency (e.g. Moreno et al, 2013; Sánchez et al, 2012), the eastern thrust belt or Llanos Foothills with an east verging tendency (e.g. Mora et al, 2010a) and the Bogotá Plateau (e.g. Parra et al, 2009a; Carrillo et al, 2016), the main focus of this work
In this work we present a different interpretation for the evolution of the Bogotá Anticline using field information and interpretation of aerial photographs to develop a structural characterization of the fold and create several cross sections to determine if the strong variation in the geometry of the structure corresponds to the change from a disharmonic detachment fold in the north zone to lift-off folds in the south zone
Summary
The Colombian Northern Andes are characterized by three mountain ranges, the Western Cordillera, the Central Cordillera and the Eastern Cordillera, each one with different geological features and originated due to the complex interaction between the Nazca and Caribe plates with the South American Plate since the Mesozoic (Dengo and Covey, 1993). In this work we present a different interpretation for the evolution of the Bogotá Anticline using field information and interpretation of aerial photographs to develop a structural characterization of the fold and create several cross sections to determine if the strong variation in the geometry of the structure corresponds to the change from a disharmonic detachment fold in the north zone to lift-off folds in the south zone. In such case, the anticline would represent different stages of evolution of the same folding process (Mitra, 2003). We compare this model of evolution with similar folds, regarding both the lithology and the structural style, in the Llanos Foothills
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