Análisis comparativo del manejo de la insuficiencia cardiaca en 2 medios diferentes: rural versus urbano. (Estudio ALBAPIC)

Abstract

ObjectiveTo know the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of patients with a diagnosis of HF treated in primary care of 2Health Areas of Albacete, Zone 5 A (characteristics of the Urban Center) and Casas Ibañez (characteristics of the Rural Center) as well as to highlight The main differences between the two. MethodDescriptive and cross-sectional study, corresponding to the first phase of the ALBAPIC study. All patients in the area who met the inclusion criteria have been registered: Having a diagnosis of HF in the TURRIANO program (consultation program in Primary Care of Castilla la Mancha).Demographic-anthropometric and clinical characteristics, analytical data, complementary diagnostic examinations, therapeutic guidelines and hospitalizations were recorded for 12 months prior to inclusion. A physical examination and electrocardiographic and biochemical controls were performed at the inclusion visit. Results384 patients diagnosed with HF in both Health Zone (161 in urban areas and 223 in rural areas) have participated. Average age 82.24±10.51 years (81.24±9.59 years in urban areas and 83.37±11 years in rural areas with significant differences P<.005, 54.3% are women (54% in urban areas and 54.7% in rural areas) We have an incidence of CI of 1% in urban areas and 1.8% in rural areas.The prevalence of CVRF has that hypertension above all and dyslipidemia are the most frequent, with differences depending on the environment in which they live.In the rural environment there are higher rates of heart disease. Patients with HF have a high number of concomitant chronic diseases, being between 4 and 6 more than 60% of cases in the urban environment and between 1 and 4 in the rural environment.Approximately 14% also have an oncological disease in the urban environment compared to 21% in the rural.According to the exploration and analytical data, the main variables are acceptably controlled, the lipid parameters in the rural center being worse controlled.The average number of drugs prescribed by each patient was 6.3 in rural and 7.2 urban. As for the treatments they are taking, it is observed that diuretics and statins. ConclusionsThere is an acceptable control of cardiovascular risk factors in both media, there being differences in the diagnostic methods and treatments used.