Análise epistemológica da valoração como constructo para decisões estratégicas: óticas contábil e econômica

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to throw light over some questions concerning value concept in Accounting, since the subject has led to different interpretations and approaches which, in turn, conducted researchers and stakeholders to view accounting information as no common knowledge. Differences between cost measurement for accountants and economists are considered in this paper. One of the main issues is to analyse the principal implications of the use of cost concepts in Economic Theory and in Accounting Theory; it seems that there is no clear reason why firms usually do not use an economic valuation approach in their reports. A question concerning the foundations present in economic models for value attribution seems to be a result of no identity between economic events and the organizational reality of firms. There are divergences in the practical aspects of cost and the theory surrounding the reason of its use. One of the major findings of this paper is that the way economists and accountants see cost concepts is responsible for the non win-win in usage; it looks like a hidden pragmatism in the way someone has a look on the concept. Some authors in accounting academia have tried reconciliation. The use of the concept Fair Value present in IFRS is the most recent tentative. It will be presented in the last part of this paper. With the numerous changes occurring in organizational and managerial aspects on valuation, efficiency and affectivity turn on as important subjects for business control. The growth of decision making based on good firm accounting information is the key for success in management accounting.