Análise dinâmica elástica em torres tubulares de aço para aerogeradores de eixo horizontal

Abstract

This article aims to obtain the dynamic elastic analysis of a steel tube tower for horizontal axis wind turbine using finite elements of bar (own code) and finite elements of bark and solids (modeling in ANSYS). For this, a theoretical foundation is presented that consists in the development of the movement equation from the Lagrange equation. Next, the modal overlay method is presented for solving the matrix motion equation and for obtaining the dynamic response of the tower. In the second part of this article, the development is presented for the assembly of the mass and damping matrices of the tower modeled with its own code in finite elements of the bar. In the part of results, initially, the rigidity, mass and damping matrices are exposed for a certain level of discretization of the modeled tower with finite elements of bar. Then, the results of the modal analysis were done for both the finite element shell model, with and without flexible base, and the finite element model of the bar, in which the modes and the frequencies of vibration of the tower in all the models are presented. Finally, the responses of the tower were analyzed: in the direction of the wind flow, when submitted by a vector of resonant forces to its 1st mode of vibration, representing the floating part of the wind; and, in the transverse direction to the wind flow due to the von Kárman cadenced vortex detachment. The results of the modal analysis made for both the finite element shell model, with and without flexible base, and the finite element model of the bar are similar, especially in the first mode of vibration of the tower. Therefore, the model represented by finite elements (FE) of bar can be used as representative of the dynamic behavior of the tower when it is subjected to the resonant excitations at its fundamental frequency.