Abstract
Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics computer simulations and the kinetic theory of gases are employed to investigate the interrelation between the (macroscopic) transport properties of dilute gases and the underlying characteristic distortions of the (microscopic) velocity distribution function. The anisotropy in velocity space is illustrated by intensity plots and by partial distribution functions which stem from a directional expansion of the nonequilibrium velocity distribution function with respect to irreducible Cartesian tensors. The two fundamental transport processes investigated are the transport of energy (heat flow) and of momentum. In the latter case special emphasis is laid on the ordering phenomena in velocity space which accompany non-Newtonian flow behavior.
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