Anisotropic properties of phase separation in two-component dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates

Abstract

Using Crank–Nicolson method, we calculate ground state wave functions of two-component dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) and show that, due to dipole–dipole interaction (DDI), the condensate mixture displays anisotropic phase separation. The effects of DDI, inter-component s-wave scattering, strength of trap potential and particle numbers on the density profiles are investigated. Three types of two-component profiles are present, first cigar, along z-axis and concentric torus, second pancake (or blood cell), in xy-plane, and two non-uniform ellipsoid, separated by the pancake and third two dumbbell shapes.