Abstract
A theory of high temperature superconductivity is constructed for crystals built of layers of copper oxides separated by those of calcium. The main point of the theory is prediction of the existence of two electron groups in these structures: free electrons in the copper-oxygen layers and a strongly correlated electron system between the copper-oxygen layers. It is shown that in the strongly correlated electron subsystem a new type of polaron can exist. The characteristic sizes of the polarons are different in different directions. The polaron in the layer has a button-like form. In the filament structure the polaron is a spindle-like solution. The button-like polarons may form a Wigner crystal. The frequency of the polaron oscillations is very high and may lead to the high temperature superconductivity (HTS). The frequencies of the spindle-like polaron oscillations are also high. The critical temperature of the superconducting transition due to the heavy plasmon oscillations has been obtained. The critical temperature T k is a rising function of the number of layers. The influence of magnetic field on the polaron is discussed.
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