Anisotropic Plasmonic Response of Black Phosphorus Nanostrips in Terahertz Metamaterials

Abstract

Two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) recently emerged as an outstanding material for optoelectronics and nanophotonics applications. In contrast to graphene, BP has a sufficiently large electronic bandgap and its high carrier mobility allows for efficient free-carrier absorption in the infrared and terahertz regimes. Here, we present a reflective structure to enhance the response of nanostructured monolayer BP at terahertz frequencies and investigate localized surface plasmon resonances in BP nanostrip arrays. Anisotropic absorption is observed in the proposed BP metamaterials due to the puckered crystal structure of the monolayer BP, and further investigations show that the plasmonic resonances are strongly depending on the geometric parameters of the nanostrips and the coupling between the adjacent nanostrips. We expect that the monolayer BP is an outstanding candidate of highly anisotropic plasmonic material for ultrascaled optoelectronic integration.