Abstract
Ionic liquid-crystalline materials (ILCMs) with ammonium ions were synthesized. Their thermal and orientational properties were studied by polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The ILCMs formed the smectic A phase on heating and cooling. A focal conic fan texture was observed in the phase. In addition, the ILCMs spontaneously formed a perpendicular alignment in the smectic A phase. The XRD patterns of the ILCMs consisted of sharp reflections in the small-angle region and broad band in the wide-angle region in the smectic A phase.
Highlights
Most liquid-crystalline materials are neutral organic compounds
Ionic liquidcrystalline materials (ILCMs), which are a class of liquid-crystalline compounds that contain anions and cations, can be considered as materials that combine the properties of liquid crystals and ionic liquids [1,2,3]
We reported the formation of ionic liquid crystals with a nitro terminal group [2, 6]
Summary
Most liquid-crystalline materials are neutral organic compounds. The driving forces for the formation of the liquid crystals are interactions between the anisometric molecules such as dipole-dipole interactions, van der Waals interactions, and π-π stacking. Ionic liquidcrystalline materials (ILCMs), which are a class of liquid-crystalline compounds that contain anions and cations, can be considered as materials that combine the properties of liquid crystals and ionic liquids [1,2,3]. Owing to the ionic character, some of the properties of the ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) differ significantly from those of conventional liquid crystals. The ionic interactions usually tend to stabilize lamellar mesophases. Ionic liquid crystals can display uncommon mesophases like the nematic columnar phase [4, 5]
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