Abstract
Summary This review covers advances in anion complexation in 2013, 2014, and 2015. The review focuses on the applications of anion receptor chemistry, including sensing, self-assembly, extraction, transport, catalysis, and fundamental advances in the area.
Highlights
As the field of anion coordination chemistry continues to develop, we are seeing a shift away from systems that function only under laboratory conditions to new anion receptors that employ a variety of interactions to function under realworld conditions
In DMSO, the formation of tetrahedral covalent adducts was found to dominate over hydrogen-bonding adducts for fluoride and dihydrogenphosphate; less basic anions, including chloride, bromide, hydrogensulfate, and acetate, only formed hydrogen-bonding adducts with arylboronic acids, as revealed by 1H and 11B nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) binding studies in DMSO-d6 and CD3CN
The recyclability of the sensor and feasibility of sensing FÀ in the presence of interfering ions and in serum samples have been demonstrated. Because of their Lewis acidity and potentially rich spectroscopic features, lanthanide complexes have been shown to be good candidates for binding and sensing of FÀ49 or carboxylates[50] in aqueous solutions, in which anion binding can lead to changes in luminescence,[49,50] NMR,[51] or electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)[51] spectra
Summary
As the field of anion coordination chemistry continues to develop, we are seeing a shift away from systems that function only under laboratory conditions (e.g., hydrogen-bond-based anion receptors that function only in organic solvents) to new anion receptors that employ a variety of interactions to function under realworld conditions. Given the high hydration energy of FÀ in water, most neutral hydrogen-bond receptors fail to bind FÀ in aqueous solutions It has been demonstrated, that highly electron-deficient neutral hydrogen-bond donors could bind strongly hydrophilic monovalent anions such as H2PO4À, FÀ, and AcOÀ in aqueous organic media.[46] Ashokkumar et al.[47] recently reported a structurally simple hydrogenbond receptor, 97, (Figure 32) that allowed selective binding and optical sensing of fluoride in an organic aqueous media with 50% water content. The recyclability of the sensor and feasibility of sensing FÀ in the presence of interfering ions and in serum samples have been demonstrated Because of their Lewis acidity and potentially rich spectroscopic features, lanthanide complexes have been shown to be good candidates for binding and sensing of FÀ49 or carboxylates[50] in aqueous solutions, in which anion binding can lead to changes in luminescence,[49,50] NMR,[51] or electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)[51] spectra. Asymmetric anion-p catalysis for enamine addition to nitroolefins mediated by the aromatic surface of p-acidic NDIs was reported by the same group
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