Anion electrostatic insertion boosts efficient zinc ferrocyanide cathode for aqueous dual-ion battery

Abstract

Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) have been considered as a kind of promising cathode materials, but its poor cycle performance severely hinders their industrialization. Herein, by combining a zinc ferrocyanide (ZnHCF) cathode with aqueous ZnSO4/LiTFSI electrolyte and zinc metal anode, we achieved a stable anion insertion-type aqueous dual-ion battery (DIB) which displays a discharge specific capacity of 75.9 mAh g–1, an energy density of 124 Wh kg–1, and a discharge plateau of 1.8 V at 5 A g–1. Its specific capacity can still reach 57.4 mAh g–1 after 1200 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency of 97 %. A reversible anion insertion mechanism of ZnHCF cathode based on the changes of the valency of iron and the insertion of TFSI– ion on crystal surface caused by electrostatic interaction is proposed and confirmed with a series of characterizations and density functional theory calculations (DFT). This work proposes the study of anion energy storage mechanism of PBAs and brings more opportunities for their large-scale applications in the future.